单位换算
1mil = 0.0254 mm
1mm = 39.3701 mil
默认情况下我们更倾向于使用mil单位绘制PCB板。
1新建工程,File --> New...
--> [Project Directory]显示工程路径
--> [Drawing Name]工程名称,Browse...可选择工程路径
--> [Drawing Type]工程类型,绘制PCB板选择Board,封装选择Packagesymbol
2设置画布参数,Setup --> Design Parameters...
--> [Design]
 单位为Mils,Size为other,2位精度,
 Width与Height分别代表画布的宽高
 LeftX与LowerY代表原点位置坐标
 点击Apply使修改生效
--> [Display]
 勾选Gridon, 打开SetupGrids...
 将Non-Etch和AllEtch中的所有Spacing设为1mil=0.0254mm
3设置库路径,Setup --> User Preference...
将所有绘制好的元件封装复制到同一目录下,方便设置库目录,
--> [Paths]
--> [Library]指定modulepathpadpath parampath psmpath到封装所在目录
4绘制板框,Add --> Line
 Class:SubClass = Board Geometry:Outline
5倒角,Manufacture -->Dimimension/Draft --> fillet
 倒角半径(Radius)参考:100mmx100mm板倒角100mil~200mil
 分别点击倒角的两条边完成倒角
6设置允许布线区,Setup --> Areas --> RouteKeepin
 Class:SubClass = Route Keepin:All
 一般情况,RouteKeepin距离板框0.2mm(8mil)~0.5mm(20mil)
 方法2:使用Z-Copy命令,Edit-Z-Copy
 选择Class:SubClass=RouteKeepin:All,
 Size选择Contract向内缩进,Offset填充20mil,
 点击板框完成复制,此方法亦使用步骤7
7设置允许元件摆放区,Setup --> Areas --> PackageKeepin
 Class:SubClass = Package Keepin:All
 一般情况,PacakgeKeepin与RouteKeepin大小一致
 方法2:使用Z-Copy命令
8放置机械安装孔,Place --> Manual
--> [Advanced Settings]勾选Library
--> [Placement List]
--> [Mechanical symbols]选上需要使用的机械安装孔,敲坐标放置
 注:使用“选择多个元件,右键Align components”对齐元件。
9设置层叠结构,Setup --> Cross-section
 双层板按默认设置,从上到下依次为:表层空气,铜走线Top层,玻璃纤维介质层,铜走线Bottom层,底层空气
 多层板需要做相关层添加[FIXME]
10导入网表,File --> Import -->Logic...
--> [Cadence]
选择Designentry CIS(Capture),Always,Importdirectory选择网表文件路径
 导入完成后File--> Viewlog...查看导入错误信息,确保0 errors,0warnings
11放置元器件,Place --> QuickPlace...
 选择Placeall components,点击place完成自动放置
 检查Unpalcedsymbol count显示状态,确认未放置的元件为0
 注:有关元器件突出板框外的KC DRC问题 <--- 删除该DRC
Display --> Waive DRCs --> Waive命令,点击DRC删除即可。
12约束设置,Setup --> Constraints -->Constraints Manager...
 --> [Physical]
 --> [Physical Constraint Set]
 --> [All Layers]
 线宽设置为>=6mil,添加过孔(小于6的非0值都设为6或更大)
 --> [Net]
 --> [All Layers]
 电源与地网络设置至少30mil,大功率大电流网络也设置大些
 --> [Spacing]
 ... 设置线间距、VIA间距等,都至少设为6mil,6mil是根据PCB厂家定的
13布局布线
 接插件(如DB9、JTAG接口、电源接口等)放在PCB板周边;
 。。。
 布线时双击添加过孔,Options中Act可改变当前PCB面,Linewidth设置线宽;
[Route] --> [PCB Router] --> [Route Automatic…]可自动布线;
 。。。
14添加丝印
 (1)自动添加丝印
 Manufacture --> Silkscreen
 --> [Layer] Both
 --> [Elements] Both
 --> [Classes and subclasses]
 --> [Package geometry] Silk
 --> [Refrence designator] Silk
 ... 其它选择None
 点击Silkscreen完成丝印添加
 (2)手动添加丝印信息
--> Add --> Text
 Class:Subclass=Manufacture:AutoSilk_Top
 设置字号及线宽后输入文字信息
 注:丝印字号修改,Edit--> Change,Find中选只Text,
 Class:subclass=Manufacture:空
 设置字号线宽,全选后Done即可
15添加覆铜,Shape --> Polygon
 Class:Subclass=Etch:Top
 Option中勾选上CreateDinamic Shape,选择Assign netname为Gnd网络
 添加底层覆铜,Class:Subclass=Etch:Bottom
 删除顶层和底层死铜,Shape--> Delete Islands,Delete allon layer
16查看报告,Tools --> Quick Reports
 至少检查如下4项:
 Unconnected Pins Report
 Shape Dynamic State
 Shape Islands
 Design Rules Check Report
17数据库检查,Tools --> Database Check
 勾选全3项,点击Check检查,Viewlog查看错误日志
18钻孔文件生成
 (1) 钻孔参数文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Parameters
 按默认设置,点close后生成nc_param.txt
 (2) 钻孔文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Drill
 如果有盲孔或埋孔,则Drilling中选择By Layer,否则默认,
 点Drill生成*.drl文件,点击Viewlog查看钻孔文件信息
 (3) 不规则孔的钻孔文件生成,Manufacture--> NC --> NC Route
 默认设置,点击Route生成*.rou文件
 (4) 钻孔表及钻孔图的生成,Manufacture--> NC --> Drill Legend
 如果有盲孔或埋孔,则Drilling中选择By Layer,否则默认(单位为mil),
 点击OK生成*.dlt文件
19生成光绘(Gerber)文件
 (1) 设置光绘文件参数,Manufacture--> Artwork
--> [General Parameters]
 --> [Device type] Gerber RS274X
 --> [OUtput units] Inches
 --> [Format]
 --> [Integer places] 3
 --> [Decimal places] 5
--> [Film Control]设置层叠结构(10层)
-->[Available films]
 --> [Bottom]
 --> ETCH/Bottom
 --> PIN/Bottom
 --> VIA Class/Bottom
 --> [Top]
 --> ETCH/Top
 --> PIN/Top
 --> VIA Class/Top
 --> [Pastemask_Bottom]
 --> PackageGeometry/Pastemask_Bottom
 -->Stack-Up/Pin/Pastemask_Bottom
 -->Stack-Up/Via/Pastemask_Bottom
 --> [Pastemask_Top]
 --> PackageGeometry/Pastemask_Top
 -->Stack-Up/Pin/Pastemask_Top
 -->Stack-Up/Via/Pastemask_Top
 --> [Soldermask_Bottom]
 --> Board Geometry/Soldermask_Bottom
 --> PackageGeometry/Soldermask_Bottom
 -->Stack-Up/Pin/Soldermask_Bottom
 --> [Soldermask_Top]
 --> BoardGeometry/Soldermask_Top
 --> Package Geometry/Soldermask_Top
 -->Stack-Up/Pin/Soldermask_Top
 --> [Silkscreen_Bottom]
 --> BoardGeometry/Silkscreen_Bottom
 --> PackageGeometry/Silkscreen_Bottom
 -->Manufacture/Autosilk_Bottom
 --> [Silkscreen_Top]
 --> BoardGeometry/Silkscreen_Top
 --> PackageGeometry/Silkscreen_Top
 -->Manufacture/Autosilk_Top
 --> [Outline]
 --> Board Geometry/Outline
 --> [Drill]
 --> Board Geometry/Outline
 -->Manufacture/Nclegend-1-2
 选中Checkdatabase before artwork复选框!
--> [Film options]
 --> [Undefined line width]
 选中层叠结构中的每一层,都设置为6mil
--> [Shape bounding box]
 选中层叠结构中的每一层,都设置为100
--> [plot mode]
 选中层叠结构中的每一层,无特殊情况都选择Positive
--> [Vector based pad behavior]选中每一层都勾选上
 点击OK完成参数设置
 (2) 生成光绘文件,Manufacture--> Artwork
 仔细检查层叠结构的设置,很重要,不能出错!
 Select all选择所有层,确认选中Check database before artwork,
 执行CreateArtwork生成光绘文件,点击Viewlog查看生成光绘信息,确保没有任何error!
20打包Gerber文件给PCB厂商
 共14个文件:10{*.art}+ 1{*.drl} + 1{*.rou} + 2{*.txt}
 TOP.art
 Bottom.art
 Pastemask_Top.art
 Pastemask_Bottom.art
 Soldermask_Top.art
 Soldermask_Bottom.art
 Silkscreen_Top.art
 silkscreen_Bottom.art
 Outline.art
 Drill.art
art_param.txt
 nc_param.txt
 *.rou
 *-1-2.drl